Karnozin Extra and mitochondrial metabolism
What are mitochondria and mitochondrial respiration?
Mitochondria (shown in Picture 1) are organelles in our cells which are called ’’powerhouses’’ of the cell because of their central role in energy production within the human body. The chemical energy they produce is stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is why it gained the name of the ’’energy currency’’ of the cell. This process is called mitochondrial respiration.
Picture 1. Mitochondrion
NEW STUDY – How Karnozin Extra affects mitochondrial respiration
In the most recent research on Karnozin Extra, the researchers investigated how Karnozin Extra affects mitochondrial respiration. The study was published in the International Journal of Morphology and you can read the full paper here. The study led by Dr. Popović at the Medical faculty in Novi Sad examined several aspects within mitochondrial metabolism and its relationship with Karnozin Extra.
What did the study analyze?
The researchers analyzed whether Karnozin Extra can influence mitochondrial metabolism by measuring several things:
- How does Karnozin Extra affect intact cell respiration rate?
- Intact cell respiration rate is how much oxygen cells take per minute.
- How does Karnozin Extra affects maximum oxidation capacity?
- Maximum oxidation capacity presents maximal amount of oxygen that a cell can use.
- How does Karnozin Extra affects the activity of complexes I, II and IV which are included in the mitochondrial respiration?
- Complexes I,II and IV are key players in cell respiration process.
- How does Karnozin Extra affect the production of protein called vimentin?
- Vimentin is a protein that helps a cell maintain its shape, integrity and flexibility. https://portlandpress.com/biochemj/article-abstract/410/1/141/43438/Vimentin-supports-mitochondrial-morphology-and?redirectedFrom=fulltext .
What did the study show?
- Karnozin Extra significantly increases mitochondrial respiration rate in examined cells
Figure 1. Cell respiration rate at different Karnozin Extra concentrations (first bar is without treatment, the second one is Karnozin Extra at 2mM, the third one is Karnozin Extra at 5mM, the fourth one is Karnozin Extra at 10mM)
- Karnozin Extra increases maximum oxidative capacity in examined cells
Figure 2. Maximum oxidative capacity at different Karnozin Extra concentrations (first bar is without treatment, the second one is Karnozin Extra at 2mM, the third one is Karnozin Extra at 5mM, the fourth one is Karnozin Extra at 10mM)
- Karnozin Extra increases the activity of all three complexes (complex I,II and IV)
Figure 3. Effect of Karnozin Extra on activity of complex I,II and IV (first bar is without treatment, the second one is Karnozin Extra at 2mM,
the third one is Karnozin Extra at 5mM, the fourth one is Karnozin Extra at 10mM)
- Karnozin Extra stimulates the production of vimentin
Figure 4. Effect of Karnozin Extra on production of vimentin (first bar is without treatment, the second one is Karnozin Extra at 2mM, the third one is Karnozin Extra at 5mM, the fourth one is Karnozin Extra at 10mM)
What are the conclusions of the study?
As we have seen from the graphs above, Karnozin Extra acts as a booster of mitochondrial metabolism. Therefore, this paper concluded: ’’Due to the stimulation of mitochondrial energy production in normal fibroblasts, our results suggested that Karnozin EXTRA® is a potentially protective dietary supplement in the prevention of diseases with altered mitochondrial function.’’
Picture 2. Karnozin Extra
